From the Archives: Feathered Friday - the common Goldeneye

by Rachel Ames

While the Trumpeter Swans at Lake Estes have garnered a lot of attention lately, there’s a smaller diving duck that is pretty remarkable in its own right. The Common Goldeneye breeds throughout the boreal forests of North American and Eurasia. North American Common Goldeneyes usually winter along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts, but we are lucky to have quite a few wintering at Lake Estes. As strong swimmers, they are well suited to foraging in lakes kept ice-free by dams and power plants. They eat all sorts of insects, crustaceans, mollusks, fish eggs and occasionally small fish and aquatic vegetation. While they can dive to 20 feet, they prefer to forage at depths less than 12 feet. They will often stir up rocks, and while they usually eat their prey underwater, they can loosen up vegetation so other ducks and geese can often be seen shadowing them in search of food. Common Goldeneyes are tree nesting ducks and make their nests in cavities made by other birds or squirrels. There is quite a bit of “nest mixing” or nest parasitism by other tree nesting ducks such as Hooded Mergansers, Barrow's Goldeneye, Common Merganser, Bufflehead and Wood Ducks. Once the ducklings hatch, they may join another brood. This brood amalgamation (also called creching or brood-mixing) is when multiple broods join up with one or more females. While we aren’t in the breeding range of these interesting ducks, we can enjoy them as they search for a mate and wait out the winter season before heading north again.

A male Common Goldeneye followed by a group of females.

Female Common Goldeneye.

Male Common Goldeneye.

Geese and other ducks often follow Common Goldeneyes in search of food kicked up by the Goldeneye.